As pets enter their senior years, many begin to experience changes in mobility, stamina, and comfort levels. Slowing down is a natural part of ageing, but that does not mean older pets cannot stay active, healthy, and happy. Gentle exercise and proactive joint support can make a significant difference to their long-term wellbeing. With the right routine, supportive products, and regular veterinary care, ageing pets can continue enjoying daily life with ease. This guide explores how to support your senior dog or cat through appropriate exercise, environmental adjustments, nutrition, and joint health strategies.
Recognising Changes in Ageing Pets
Dogs and cats age differently depending on their size, breed, and genetics, but most begin to show signs of slowing down between seven and ten years of age. Some of the most common behavioural and physical changes include stiffness after rest, hesitancy when jumping or climbing stairs, reduced interest in long walks, difficulty rising, and a decline in muscle mass. Many pets also develop age-related conditions such as osteoarthritis, hip or elbow dysplasia, and reduced flexibility. Early recognition of these changes allows owners to make timely adjustments to their pet’s lifestyle and care routine, helping to maintain comfort and prevent further deterioration.
The Importance of Gentle Exercise
Exercise remains essential for senior pets, but it must be adjusted to match their capabilities. Staying active helps maintain a healthy weight, supports circulation, strengthens muscles, and keeps joints mobile. The goal is not high intensity or long-distance activity but consistent, low-impact movement tailored to your pet’s comfort level. Gentle exercise also provides mental stimulation, reduces stress, and strengthens the bond between pets and their owners.
For senior dogs, short but frequent walks often work best. Instead of one long outing, two or three shorter walks can prevent exhaustion and reduce joint strain. Soft grassy surfaces are preferable to hard pavement, and allowing your dog to set the pace ensures the activity remains enjoyable. If your dog begins lagging behind, panting excessively, or showing stiffness afterward, the intensity may need to be reduced.
Cats require a different approach as they naturally engage in shorter bursts of activity. Encouraging interactive play with feather wands, laser pointers used safely, or small soft toys can help maintain muscle tone and joint flexibility. Senior cats often benefit from activities that involve stretching and gentle climbing, such as low-level cat trees or accessible shelving. Providing safe, easy ways to move around the home keeps older cats engaged without forcing strenuous movement.
Low-Impact Exercise Options
Low-impact exercise is the safest and most beneficial type of activity for ageing pets. Swimming is an excellent option for dogs who enjoy the water, as it strengthens muscles without putting pressure on weight-bearing joints. Hydrotherapy, offered by many veterinary physiotherapists and canine rehabilitation centres, provides controlled aquatic exercise under professional supervision. Water Walkies in Port Kembla is a great option for those pet parents based in the Illawarra. This is especially helpful for dogs recovering from injury or managing chronic conditions like arthritis.
For everyday play at home, choose activities that limit sudden twisting or high-impact movements. Gentle games such as slow-paced fetch on soft surfaces, sniffing and scent games, puzzle toys, or basic obedience refresher sessions can keep the mind and body active without strain. For cats, short climbing structures with ramps, cardboard scratching posts, and treat-dispensing toys encourage gentle motion while keeping joints comfortable.
Environmental Support for Ageing Joints
Creating a supportive home environment has a major impact on the comfort of senior pets. Small adjustments can prevent slips, reduce joint pressure, and make daily movement easier. For dogs, providing non-slip mats or rugs across hard floors helps prevent falls that can worsen joint issues. Soft, supportive bedding, especially orthopaedic or memory foam options, offers cushioning and reduces pressure on sore joints during rest.
Cats also benefit from accessible bedding placed in warm, draft-free areas. If your cat enjoys high perches, create safe, low-step routes to reach favourite spots. Pet ramps or small platforms allow older cats and dogs to climb onto beds, sofas, or into cars without jumping. Elevated food and water bowls can also reduce neck and joint strain for senior dogs and cats.
Managing Weight for Joint Health
Maintaining a healthy weight is one of the most important factors in protecting ageing joints. Excess body weight increases pressure on the hips, knees, and spine, accelerating the progression of arthritis and other joint conditions. Senior pets often require adjustments to their diet to maintain an ideal body condition. Specialised senior formulas, weight management diets, and foods enriched with joint-supporting nutrients help ensure older pets receive balanced nutrition without unnecessary calories.
If you are unsure whether your pet is overweight, your veterinarian can help assess their body condition and provide guidance. Measuring meals, limiting high-fat treats, and choosing functional treats with added health benefits can all support weight management goals.
Joint Supplements and Supportive Nutrition
Joint supplements are a beneficial addition to many senior pets’ routines, especially those showing early signs of stiffness or arthritis. Popular supplements include glucosamine, chondroitin, green-lipped mussel, omega-3 fatty acids, and MSM, all of which support cartilage health, reduce inflammation, and improve mobility. Some supplements also contain hyaluronic acid, which supports joint lubrication, making movement more comfortable.
Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil are widely recommended for senior dogs and cats due to their strong anti-inflammatory properties. These nutrients can help reduce joint pain, improve coat and skin health, and support overall wellbeing. Always consult your veterinarian before adding supplements to ensure the correct dosage and suitability for your pet’s health status.
Veterinary Care and Monitoring
Regular veterinary check-ups are vital for ageing pets, as many age-related conditions progress gradually and may not be obvious at home. Your vet may recommend diagnostic tests, mobility assessments, or tailored treatment plans to address specific joint issues or chronic pain. Anti-inflammatory medications, physiotherapy, acupuncture, and laser therapy are some of the options available to improve comfort and mobility in senior pets.
It is important to communicate any behavioural or physical changes you notice, even subtle ones. Early intervention often leads to better outcomes, slowing disease progression and improving quality of life.
Helping Your Ageing Pet Stay Happy and Active
With the right combination of gentle exercise, supportive nutrition, environmental adjustments, and veterinary guidance, senior pets can continue enjoying fulfilling and comfortable lives. Paying attention to their changing needs helps ensure they remain mobile, pain-free, and emotionally supported as they age. Ageing is inevitable, but the experience can be positive with thoughtful care and a proactive approach to joint health. By embracing gentle exercise and effective joint support strategies, pet owners can help their beloved companions stay active, engaged, and happy well into their golden years.
