Dental disease is a common problem that affects many dogs around the world. Just like humans, dogs can also suffer from various dental issues such as plaque build-up, gum disease and tooth decay. Dental disease is one of the most common medical conditions seen by veterinarians, with over 80% of dogs over the age of 3 having some degree of dental disease. Unfortunately, many pet owners overlook the importance of dental hygiene for their furry companions, leading to a higher risk of developing dental disease. Fortunately, periodontal disease, the most common dental disease in dogs, is highly preventable.
What is dental disease?
Periodontal disease is a term used to describe infection and associated inflammation of the periodontium (the tissues surrounding the tooth). There are four tissues that make up the periodontium; the gingiva, the cementum, the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone. Periodontal disease begins with gingivitis, and if left untreated, the infection often spreads deeper into the tooth socket, destroying the bone and leading to potential tooth loss.
What causes dental disease?
When vets talk about dental disease, they are mostly referring to gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis begins when the bacteria in a dog’s mouth form a substance called plaque, which sticks to the surface of the teeth. If not removed, plaque can harden into tartar, the result being swelling, redness and inflammation of the gums. If gingivitis is not treated, periodontal disease may develop. Periodontal disease is a serious condition as your dog may lose teeth and be prone to infections that may affect other organs in the body.
How do I know if my dog has dental disease?
If you notice any of the following symptoms, it could be a sign of dental disease and you should contact your veterinarian for a complete examination immediately.
- Bad breath
- Sore mouth
- Inability to chew or difficulty eating
- Broken or loose teeth
- Bleeding gums
- Excessive drooling
- Rubbing or pawing at the mouth
- Weight loss or change in appetite
- Tooth loss
- Yellow tartar on teeth
Even if your pet isn’t showing signs of dental disease, it is a good idea to visit your veterinarian for regular dental check-ups.
How likely is my dog to develop dental disease?
Because dogs are unable to brush their own teeth, without a home dental care plan, your dog is at high risk of developing dental disease. Dental disease is more common in older dogs, and small breed dogs. Small breed dogs are more likely to have overcrowded or misaligned teeth that are difficult to clean. In addition, brachycephalic breeds are predisposed to periodontal disease due to their shortened snout.
What to do if you think your pet has dental disease?
Dental disease is serious but preventable and treatable in most dogs. If you think your pet is showing any signs of dental disease, you should seek veterinary assistance as soon as possible. It is important that treatment is started immediately before any irreversible damage occurs.
Under general anaesthesia, your vet will be able to do a professional clean and scale to remove plaque and tartar build up. They will also be able to polish the teeth to prevent bacteria, and undertake a complete oral exam to identify any problems under the gum line. It may also be necessary to remove teeth that are fractured or loose.
How to prevent dental disease
By implementing a comprehensive dental care routine for your dog, you can keep their teeth clean, gums healthy, and prevent the onset of periodontal disease. By implementing the following steps, you can help prevent dental disease:
- Vet visits: take your dog to your local veterinarian for regular dental cleanings and health checkups
- Teeth brushing: daily brushing using a toothpaste specifically formulated for dogs
- Regular mouth examinations: check your dog's teeth and gums regularly for signs of dental disease
- Dental chews: specially formulated dental treats to remove plaque, control tartar build up and freshen breath
- High quality food: there are a range of dental specific foods that are proven to help control plaque and tartar on the teeth of dogs
- Water additives: provides defence against plaque and tartar and results in noticeably fresher breath
The Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) evaluates dental products for effectiveness, and their seal of acceptance will only be found on products which have been shown to reduce the build-up of plaque or tartar. Here at Woonona Petfoods, we have a range of VOHC approved products to improve dental health such as Greenies, Science Diet Oral Care, and Whimzees.
Poor dental health not only causes discomfort and pain for dogs, but it can also lead to serious health issues. As responsible pet owners, it is crucial to prioritise our dog’s dental health by regularly brushing their teeth, scheduling regular dental check-ups with a veterinarian and feeding dental specific food. By keeping our dog’s teeth clean and healthy, we can prevent dental disease and promote overall well-being for our beloved furry friends.
